Kerala Rivers Psc top 50 questions
Water flows more than 15km is considered as rivers.
In Kerala 41 rivers flows Westward and 3 rivers flows Eastward.
These 3 east flowing rivers are tributaries of river Kaveri in Karnataka.
10 rivers in Kerala flows more than 100km.
Priyar (244km) is the longest river in Kerala.
Bharathapuzha (209km) is the second longest river.
Pamba (176km) is the third longest river.
Chaliyar (169km) is the fourth longest river.
Manjeswaram puzha is the smallest river in Kerala.
Northern most longest river in Kerala : Chandragiripuzha in Kasargod (Payaswini puzha)
Southern most longest river in Kerala : Periyar
Northern most river in Kerala : Manjeswaram puzha (Origin: Balepuni)
Southern most river in Kerala : Neyyar (Origin: Agasthyamala)
Which river is known as Beppur puzha in Kerala : Chaliyar
#Periyar (244km)
Longest river in Kerala.
Starting from Sivagirimala.
In ancient days it is known as ‘Choorni’.
Periyar is known as ‘Life line of Kerala’.
In Kerala most number of power projects lies in Periyar.
Also Periyar is the river having most number of tributaries in Kerala-Muthirappuzha, Muvattupuzha, Mullayar, Kattapanayar, Cheruthoniyar, Thottiyar, Perunthurayar
Kerala’s first power project Pallivasal Started in Muthirapuzha in 1940.
Power stations in Periyar: Kundila – Idukki,Anayirankal – Idukki,Neriyamangalam – Ernakulam,Bhuthathan – Ernakulam, Mattupetti – First concrete Dam, Ponmdi – Idukki
Cheruthoni – Highest Dam from sea level
Idukki Arch Dam – It connects Kuravan-Kurathi hills
Idukki dam built with the help of Canada.The site for Idukki dam was proposed by Kolumban.
Periyar flows through two districts in Kerala, Idukki and Ernakaulam.
When it reaches Aluva in Ernakulam it splits into Mangalampuzha and Marthandampuzha.
The biggest Wild Life Sanctuary in Kerala, Thekkadi lies on the banks of Periyar.
The biggest Tiger Reserve in Kerala is Periyar Tiger Reserve. It was founded by Sree Chithirathirunal in 1934.It was first known as ‘Nellikampetti’.
The Biggest Bird Sanctuary in Kerala – Thattakadu lies on the banks of Periyar (Ernakulam)
The Smallest Bird Sanctuary in Kerala – Mangalavanam lies on the banks of Periyar (Ernakulam).
The Highest Church in Kerala Malayattur lies on the banks of Periyar at Ernakulam.
The only Elephant training centre in Kerala, Kodanadu also lies on the banks of Ernakulam.
Mullaperiyar Dam built in 1895. It is the oldest Dam in Kerala. It was built by Visakham Thirunal. John Penick was the architect. Contract signed by C Achuthamenon.
Kaladi, the birth place of Sree Sankaracharyar lies on the banks of river Periyar.
#Bharathapuzha (209km)
Second longest river in Kerala.
Starting from Anamala.
At Coimbathur Bharathapuzha is known as Amaravathipuzha.
At Palakadu Bharathapuzha is known as Chitturpuzha.
Kerala’s largest dam Malampuzha built across Bharathapuzha in 1956.
Bharathapuzha is also known as Nila and Perar.
Tributaries:-Gayathripuzha, Kannadipuzha, Kalpathipuzha, Thuthapuzha
Bharathapuzha is considered as Ganga of Kerala.
Bharathapuzha flows through 4 districts – Coimbathur, Palakadu, Malappuram and Thrissur.
At Malappuram Bharathapuzha is known as Ponnanipuzha.
In AD 829 on the banks of Bharathapuzha first Mamankam took place.
To break the celebration of Mamankam, Chavers were sent by the Valluvakonathiri.
Major dams in Bharathapuzha:-Chulliyar Dam, Meenkara Dam, Valayar Dam, Pothundi Dam
Kerala Kalamandalam (Vallathol Kalamandalam) lies on the banks of Bharathapuzha at Cheruthuruthi, Thrissur.
Pamba is the third longest river in Kerala.Other name – Dakshina Bhageerathi.
Piruchimedu in Peerumedu thaluk is the starting point of river Pamba.
In ancient days Pamba was known as ‘Baris’.
Pamba is known as Kaveri of Southern Kerala.
Also considered as the Lifeline of Southern Kerala.
Major part of Pamba flows through Pathananthitta.
The main tributary river of Pamba is Achankovilar.
Gavi hill station lies on the banks of river Pamba.
Events/Meeting related with river Pamba are:-
Maramon Convention – Asia’s largest Christian community meeting
Cherukolpuzha Hindu Mahasammelanam
Kozhanchery speech made by C Kesavan in 1935
Aranmula-Uthritathi vallom kali
Aranmula Parthasarathi Temple, famous for Vallasadhya.
Power projects in Pamba-Kakki, Kakkadu, Moozhiyar, Anathodu, Sabarigiri
#Chaliyar (169km)
Also known as Bepur puzha.
It originates from Ilambaleri in Tamilnadu.
It is 57km long.
Flows through Wayanadu.
Tributaries : Panamaram and Manathavadi
Kuruva Island lies in Ambukuthi Hills.
Flowing eastward direction Kabani reaches Karnataka.
There it become a main tributary of river Kaveri.
Banasurasagar dam built across Kaveri.
Second largest in east flowing rivers.
Flowing east it reaches Tamilnadu.
Main tributary : Siruvani puzha
Smallest in east flowing rivers.
It flows through Idukki and reaches Tamilnadu.
It also flows through Marayur Chandhanakadu.
Main tributary : Thenar
#Some Facts
Dharmmadam island lies in Ancharakandipuzha.
Meenachilar is an important river in Kottayam.
Athirappalli water fall is in Chalakudipuzha.
The river flows through Silent Velley is Kundhipuzha.
Aruvipuram Siva temple lies on the banks of Neyyar.
Aruvikkara dam built across Karamanayar.
In Kerala most number of rivers flows through Kasargod district.
Sholayar dam built across Chalakudipuzha.
Pathrakadavu project was in Kundhipuzha.
Yellow river of Kerala : Kuttyadi puzha
Longest river in Thiruvananthapuram : Vamanapuram puzha
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